This sensor board has 1 IR LED/phototransistor pair on it. The sensor provides an analog voltage output based on its reflectance value. The phototransistor is connected with a pull-up resistor (usually 5V), so you get a voltage output depending on the detected reflectance value. As the reflectance value increases, the voltage output decreases. You can easily use it in line-following robots or edge-detection projects.